According to the Alberta Education (1996), the second language learning principles are summarized here: According to the Alberta Education (1996), the second language learning principles are summarized here:
Based on these principles, graphic novels can be used in the ESL classroom as valuable educational reading material. Graphic novels combine pictures with simple words that deliver meaning and enjoyment to the ESL readers. Although English is a "new" language for the ESL students, television, video games, computer etc. aren't new for many of them. Like other students, they live in a visual world and have the ability to read images. Therefore, they can easily construct meaning of the text through the pictures. Ireland (2004) stated that "Graphic novels, with the emphasis on both the visual and the written word, help to stimulate their mind into being able to visualize the story". Graphic novels "are an alternative to the traditional novel... they can provide visual images and bridge the divide between books with pictures and those without. They are entertaining."
In The Power of Reading: Insight from the Research, Stephen Krashen indicates that "graphic novels are beneficial for young people who read English as a second language or for those who read on a lower reading level than their peers because the simple sentences, visual or context clues, and educated guessing allow them to comprehend some, if not all, of the story" (p. 59-60).
The visual images combined with text in a graphic novel can help ESL readers to process the story, providing a literary experience, and improving their English skills.