ABOUT THESE COUNTER PROJECTS

If you do not have any experience with these type of projects you should learn some basic first.
If you have only some basic , do not even think about going further then the single digit project .

THERE IS NO TUTORIAL AVAILABLE .

The basic counters designs/applications are taken from the manufacturer's data sheets . Pls download the data sheets for more details and applications.
All other applications ,such as switching,digital displays etc .. are my own suggested designs . Data sheets suggests applications designs for many other functions that may be applicable .

One Digit Event Counter

This is a simple one digit counter using CMOS instead of the traditional TTL ICs . Using CMOS makes it possible to use a power supply from 5 to 15 volts as long as we use the correct value for the current limiting resistors (Rs) which can be calculated with the simple following formula " Rs = Supply voltage - 1.7 volts divided by current ( 10 mA ) " .

In designing this circuit , I had in mind a design as simple as can possibly be made with minimum readily available components . For the counter a single chip is used , Of the two counters available on the CMOS 4518 only one is used . The LEDs are not multiplexed and each segments must be connected to it own current limiting resistor .
Each segments are single LED which can withstand current of up to 20 mA each but it is recommended that a 10mA maximum current be used to ensure long life with adequate illumination . Thus with an anticipation of all segments when lit showing "8" would amount to a total 7 segments times 10mA would require a total current of 70 mA for the one digit and this should be the minimum supply current plus a 25% for safety for a total of 87.5 mA , so lets say 100 mA power supply at whichever voltage you chose to use from 5 to 15 volts .

Using the Counter

In order to use the counters the following conditions must be set .
" Enable " pins 2 and 10 must be HIGHT (1) (connect to + ) [ Positive ]
" Reset " pins 7 and 15 must be LOW (0) (connect to - ) [ Negative/Ground ]
" Count " pins 1 and 9 must be HIGH (1) (connect to + ) [ Positive ]

Normally an IC like a CMOS 40106 is used to debounce a push button switch , a NPN 2N2222 transistor and a 1K resistor with a capacitor is parallel from base to ground are used to debounced the trigger switch ,test your finger touch with different capacitors size . Most any small signal NPN transistors can be used and a capacitor from .05uF to 1.uF can be used. The lower the capacitor value the faster and noisier the trigger signal will be .
Using a simple push button without the conditioning is not recommended as it will give error counts .See Switch debouncing for alternate circuits that can be used .

LED Display

The system can accomodate Common Anode ( CA ) or Common Cathode ( CC ) LED displays with single LED segments . This circuit uses a Common Cathode Led Display .

Construction

The PCB is actual size and a graphic representation shows how the display is connected to the limiting resistors ( Rs ) . It is a wise move to used sockets for the ICs . Construction can be made using the PCB layout or hand wired whichever you feel at the moment .
For intermittent operation a 9 volts battery can be used otherwise , several " D " cells in series should be used or a wall transformer type with good rectification can also be used .

If you do not have any experience with this type of project , I would strongly suggest that you start with this one . In order to acquire more knowledge about counters feel free to read the following pages describing in more details more complicated counter projects .

One Digit

Two digits

Up/Down Counter

Three Digits

Shuffle Score Board