// JavaScript by Peter Hayes http://www.aphayes.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/ // Copyright 2001-2003 // This code is made freely available but please keep this notice. // The calculations are approximate but should be good enough for general use, // I accept no responsibility for errors in astronomy or coding. // WARNING moonrise code changed on 6 May 2003 to correct a systematic error // these are now local times NOT UTC as the original code did. // Meeus first edition table 45.A Longitude and distance of the moon var T45AD = new Array(0, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 1, 0, 2, 0, 0, 4, 0, 4, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 0, 2, 2, 1, 2, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 4, 0, 3, 2, 4, 0, 2, 2, 2, 4, 0, 4, 1, 2, 0, 1, 3, 4, 2, 0, 1, 2, 2); var T45AM = new Array(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, -1, 0, -1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, -1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, -1, 0, -2, 1, 2, -2, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 1, -1, 2, 2, 1, -1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, -1, 2, 1, 0, 0); var T45AMP = new Array( 1, -1, 0, 2, 0, 0, -2, -1, 1, 0, -1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, -1, 3, -2, -1, 0, -1, 0, 1, 2, 0, -3, -2, -1, -2, 1, 0, 2, 0, -1, 1, 0, -1, 2, -1, 1, -2, -1, -1, -2, 0, 1, 4, 0, -2, 0, 2, 1, -2, -3, 2, 1, -1, 3, -1); var T45AF = new Array( 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2, 2, -2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2, -2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2); var T45AL = new Array(6288774, 1274027, 658314, 213618, -185116, -114332, 58793, 57066, 53322, 45758, -40923, -34720, -30383, 15327, -12528, 10980, 10675, 10034, 8548, -7888, -6766, -5163, 4987, 4036, 3994, 3861, 3665, -2689, -2602, 2390, -2348, 2236, -2120, -2069, 2048, -1773, -1595, 1215, -1110, -892, -810, 759, -713, -700, 691, 596, 549, 537, 520, -487, -399, -381, 351, -340, 330, 327, -323, 299, 294, 0); var T45AR = new Array(-20905355, -3699111, -2955968, -569925, 48888, -3149, 246158, -152138, -170733, -204586, -129620, 108743, 104755, 10321, 0, 79661, -34782, -23210, -21636, 24208, 30824, -8379, -16675, -12831, -10445, -11650, 14403, -7003, 0, 10056, 6322, -9884, 5751, 0, -4950, 4130, 0, -3958, 0, 3258, 2616, -1897, -2117, 2354, 0, 0, -1423, -1117, -1571, -1739, 0, -4421, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1165, 0, 0, 8752); // Meeus table 45B latitude of the moon var T45BD = new Array(0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 4, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 4, 4, 0, 4, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 2, 2, 2, 2, 4, 2, 2, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 2, 1, 2, 0, 4, 4, 1, 4, 1, 4, 2); var T45BM = new Array( 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, -1, -2, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, -1, 1, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0, -1, -2); var T45BMP = new Array(0, 1, 1, 0, -1, -1, 0, 2, 1, 2, 0, -2, 1, 0, -1, 0, -1, -1, -1, 0, 0, -1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 3, 0, -1, 1, -2, 0, 2, 1, -2, 3, 2, -3, -1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, -2, -1, 1, -2, 2, -2, -1, 1, 1, -1, 0, 0); var T45BF = new Array( 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 3, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -3, 1, -3, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 3, -1, -1, 1, -1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 1); var T45BL = new Array(5128122, 280602, 277693, 173237, 55413, 46271, 32573, 17198, 9266, 8822, 8216, 4324, 4200, -3359, 2463, 2211, 2065, -1870, 1828, -1794, -1749, -1565, -1491, -1475, -1410, -1344, -1335, 1107, 1021, 833, 777, 671, 607, 596, 491, -451, 439, 422, 421, -366, -351, 331, 315, 302, -283, -229, 223, 223, -220, -220, -185, 181, -177, 176, 166, -164, 132, -119, 115, 107); // MoonPos calculates the Moon position, based on Meeus chapter 45 function MoonPos(year,month,day,hours) { // julian date var jd=julian(year,month,day,hours); var T=(jd-2451545.0)/36525; var T2=T*T; var T3=T2*T; var T4=T3*T; // Moons mean longitude L' var LP=218.3164477+481267.88123421*T-0.0015786*T2+T3/538841.0-T4/65194000.0; // Moons mean elongation var D=297.8501921+445267.1114034*T-0.0018819*T2+T3/545868.0-T4/113065000.0; // Suns mean anomaly var M=357.5291092+35999.0502909*T-0.0001536*T2+T3/24490000.0; // Moons mean anomaly M' var MP=134.9633964+477198.8675055*T+0.0087414*T2+T3/69699.0-T4/14712000.0; // Moons argument of latitude var F=93.2720950+483202.0175233*T-0.0036539*T2-T3/3526000.0+T4/863310000.0; // Additional arguments var A1=119.75+131.849*T; var A2=53.09+479264.290*T; var A3=313.45+481266.484*T; var E=1-0.002516*T-0.0000074*T2; var E2=E*E; // Sums of periodic terms from table 45.A and 45.B var Sl=0.0; var Sr=0.0; for (var i=0; i<60; i++) { var Eterm=1; if (Math.abs(T45AM[i])==1) Eterm=E; if (Math.abs(T45AM[i])==2) Eterm=E2; Sl+=T45AL[i]*Eterm*sind(rev(T45AD[i]*D+T45AM[i]*M+T45AMP[i]*MP+T45AF[i]*F)); Sr+=T45AR[i]*Eterm*cosd(rev(T45AD[i]*D+T45AM[i]*M+T45AMP[i]*MP+T45AF[i]*F)); } var Sb=0.0; for (var i=0; i<60; i++) { var Eterm=1; if (Math.abs(T45BM[i])==1) Eterm=E; if (Math.abs(T45BM[i])==2) Eterm=E2; Sb+=T45BL[i]*Eterm*sind(rev(T45BD[i]*D+T45BM[i]*M+T45BMP[i]*MP+T45BF[i]*F)); } // Additional additive terms Sl=Sl+3958*sind(rev(A1))+1962*sind(rev(LP-F))+318*sind(rev(A2)); Sb=Sb-2235*sind(rev(LP))+382*sind(rev(A3))+175*sind(rev(A1-F))+ 175*sind(rev(A1+F))+127*sind(rev(LP-MP))-115*sind(rev(LP+MP)); // geocentric longitude, latitude and distance var mglong=rev(LP+Sl/1000000.0); var mglat=rev(Sb/1000000.0); if (mglat > 180.0) mglat=mglat-360; var mr=Math.round(385000.56+Sr/1000.0); // Obliquity of Ecliptic var obl=23.4393-3.563E-7*(jd-2451543.5); // RA and dec var ra=rev(atan2d(sind(mglong)*cosd(obl)-tand(mglat)*sind(obl), cosd(mglong)))/15.0; var dec=rev(asind(sind(mglat)*cosd(obl)+cosd(mglat)*sind(obl)*sind(mglong))); if (dec > 180.0) dec=dec-360; return new Array(ra,dec,mr); } function MoonRise(year,month,day,TZ,latitude,longitude) { // returns an array containing rise and set times or one of the // following codes. // -1 rise or set event not found and moon was down at 00:00 // -2 rise or set event not found and moon was up at 00:00 // WARNING code changes on 6/7 May 2003 these are now local times // NOT UTC and rise/set not found codes changed. var hours=0; var riseset=new Array(); // elh is the elevation at the hour elhdone is true if elh calculated var elh=new Array(); var elhdone=new Array(); for (var i=0; i<=24; i++) {elhdone[i]=false;} // Compute the moon elevation at start and end of day // store elevation at the hours in an array elh to save search time var rad=MoonPos(year,month,day,hours-TZ); var altaz=radtoaa(rad[0],rad[1],year,month,day,hours-TZ,latitude,longitude); elh[0]=altaz[0]; elhdone[0]=true; // set the return code to allow for always up or never rises if (elh[0] >= 0.0) { riseset=new Array(-2,-2); } else { riseset=new Array(-1,-1); } hours=24; rad=MoonPos(year,month,day,hours-TZ); altaz=radtoaa(rad[0],rad[1],year,month,day,hours-TZ,latitude,longitude); elh[24]=altaz[0]; elhdone[24]=true; // search for moonrise and set for (var rise=0; rise<2; rise++) { var found=false; var hfirst=0; var hlast=24; // Try a binary chop on the hours to speed the search while (Math.ceil((hlast-hfirst)/2) > 1) { var hmid=hfirst+Math.round((hlast-hfirst)/2); if (!elhdone[hmid]) { hours=hmid; rad=MoonPos(year,month,day,hours-TZ); altaz=radtoaa(rad[0],rad[1],year,month,day,hours-TZ,latitude,longitude); elh[hmid]=altaz[0]; elhdone[hmid]=true; } if (((rise == 0) && (elh[hfirst] <= 0.0) && (elh[hmid] >= 0.0)) || ((rise == 1) && (elh[hfirst] >= 0.0) && (elh[hmid] <= 0.0))) { hlast=hmid; found=true; continue; } if (((rise == 0) && (elh[hmid] <= 0.0) && (elh[hlast] >= 0.0)) || ((rise == 1) && (elh[hmid] >= 0.0) && (elh[hlast] <= 0.0))) { hfirst=hmid; found=true; continue; } break; } // If the binary chop did not find a 1 hour interval if ((hlast-hfirst) > 1) { for (var i=hfirst; i= 0.0)) || ((rise == 1) && (elh[i] >= 0.0) && (elh[i+1] <= 0.0))) { hfirst=i; hlast=i+1; found=true; break; } } } // simple linear interpolation for the minutes if (found) { var elfirst=elh[hfirst]; var ellast=elh[hlast]; hours=hfirst+0.5; rad=MoonPos(year,month,day,hours-TZ); altaz=radtoaa(rad[0],rad[1],year,month,day,hours-TZ,latitude,longitude); // alert("day ="+day+" hour ="+hours+" altaz="+altaz[0]+" "+altaz[1]); if ((rise == 0) && (altaz[0] <= 0.0)) {hfirst=hours; elfirst=altaz[0];} if ((rise == 0) && (altaz[0] > 0.0)) {hlast=hours; ellast=altaz[0];} if ((rise == 1) && (altaz[0] <= 0.0)) {hlast=hours; ellast=altaz[0];} if ((rise == 1) && (altaz[0] > 0.0)) {hfirst=hours; elfirst=altaz[0];} var eld=Math.abs(elfirst)+Math.abs(ellast); riseset[rise]=hfirst+(hlast-hfirst)*Math.abs(elfirst)/eld; } } // End of rise/set loop return(riseset); } function MoonPhase(year,month,day) { // the illuminated percentage from Meeus chapter 46 var j=dayno(year,month,day,12)+2451543.5; var T=(j-2451545.0)/36525; var T2=T*T; var T3=T2*T; var T4=T3*T; // Moons mean elongation Meeus second edition var D=297.8501921+445267.1114034*T-0.0018819*T2+T3/545868.0-T4/113065000.0; // Moons mean anomaly M' Meeus second edition var MP=134.9633964+477198.8675055*T+0.0087414*T2+T3/69699.0-T4/14712000.0; // Suns mean anomaly var M=357.5291092+35999.0502909*T-0.0001536*T2+T3/24490000.0; // phase angle var pa=180.0-D-6.289*sind(MP)+2.1*sind(M)-1.274*sind(2*D-MP) -0.658*sind(2*D)-0.214*sind(2*MP)-0.11*sind(D); return(rev(pa)); } function moons(year,moondates,moonphases) { // Returns the Julian dates (including time) for New and Full Moons. // Julian dates returned may be before and after the year requested. (e.g. 2 before and 2 after) // Converted from Basic Sky & Telescope, March, 1985 // Basic program and javascript program agree within 13 seconds for all of 2005 (due to precision differences) // Results for 2005 agree with RASC Handbook for January, and within 2 minutes for December and within 5 min for 40 years // Modified to return First Quarter and Last Quarter as well - RLM Jan 2005 - modification removed - no good //var moondates=new Array(); //var moonphases=new Array(); var R1=Math.PI/180; // rad per degree, extra precision in javascript (0.01745329 vs 0.0174532925199432) var U=false; var Y=year; var JDmin = julian(year,1,1,0); // returned dates must be >= this var JDmax = julian(year+1,1,1,0); // returned dates must be < this var K0=Math.floor((Y-1900)*12.3685); // 1298 Av Julian year(365.25000d)/Synodic month(29.530589d)=12.3685308139299 var T=(Y-1899.5)/100; // 1.055 var T2=T*T; // 1.113025 var T3=T*T*T; // 1.174241[3749999900] extra precision in javascript var J0=2415020+29*K0; // JD 2415020 is 1899-12-31 12:00:00 J0=2452662.0 = 2003-01-22 12:00:00 for Y=2005 var F0=0.0001178*T2-0.000000155*T3; F0=F0+0.75933+0.53058868*K0; F0=F0-0.000837*T-0.000335*T2; // 689.4623 vs 689.4623116739620000 var M0=K0*0.08084821133; M0=360*(M0-Math.floor(M0))+359.2242; M0=M0-0.0000333*T2; M0=M0-0.00000347*T3; // 697.9766 vs 697.9763491440490000 var M1=K0*0.07171366128; M1=360*(M1-Math.floor(M1))+306.0253; M1=M1+0.0107306*T2; M1=M1+0.00001236*T3; // 336.3979 vs 336.3969008580840000 var B1=K0*0.08519585128; B1=360*(B1-Math.floor(B1))+21.2964; B1=B1-0.0016528*T2; B1=B1-0.00000239*T3; // 231.6113 vs 231.6119437042420000 var i=0; // returns number of values in arrays for (var K9=0; K9<=28; K9+=1) { //for (var K9=0; K9<=28; K9+=0.5) { // BOGUS modification for quarter phases var J=J0+14*K9; var F=F0+0.765294*K9; var K=K9/2; var M5=(M0+K*29.10535608)*R1; var M6=(M1+K*385.81691806)*R1; var B6=(B1+K*390.67050646)*R1; F=F-0.4068*Math.sin(M6); F=F+(0.1734-0.000393*T)*Math.sin(M5); F=F+0.0161*Math.sin(2*M6); F=F+0.0104*Math.sin(2*B6); F=F-0.0074*Math.sin(M5-M6); F=F-0.0051*Math.sin(M5+M6); F=F+0.0021*Math.sin(2*M5); F=F+0.0010*Math.sin(2*B6-M6); //F=F+0.5/1440; // adds 1/2 minute for proper rounding to minutes per Sky and Tel article J=J+F; if ((J>=JDmin) && (J0) { if (!U) { moonphases[i]='LQ'; // 1/2 K, Last Quarter } else { moonphases[i]='FQ'; // 1/2 K, First Quarter } } else { */ if (!U) { moonphases[i]='NM'; // full K, New Moon } else { moonphases[i]='FM'; // full K, Full Moon } //U=!U; // inside bogus else clause /* } */ i+=1; } // end of test for year U=!U; // always negate } //return moondates; return i-1; }