Program of Studies: [Math 10C] [Math 10-3] [Math 10-4] [Math 20-1] [Math 20-2] [Math 20-3] [Math 20-4] [Math 30-1] [Math 30-2] [Math 30-3]

MATHEMATICS 10C

[C] Communication
[CN] Connections
[ME] Mental Mathematics
and Estimation

[PS] Problem Solving
[R] Reasoning
[T] Technology
[V] Visualization


Measurement      Algebra & Number      Relations & Functions 1     Relations & Functions 2     Relations & Functions 3

General Outcome: Develop algebraic reasoning and number sense.

Specific Outcomes: It is expected that students will:

  1. Demonstrate an understanding of factors of whole numbers by determining the:

1.1 Determine the prime factors of a whole number.

Prime Numbers

  • Prime numbers have exactly two factors, 1 and itself.

Composite Numbers

  • Composite numbers have three or more factors.

Linked Source - Ron Blond

 

Prime Factorization

  • Enter a number in the top input box. Select [Return/Enter].
  • Click on the arrow(s) and select a pair of factors using the pop-up menu(s).
  • When the arrows are gone, the numbers left are prime factors.
  • The product of prime factors is the prime factorization.

Note: If the arrow feature is not working, select Linked Source - Ron Blond.

Linked Source - Ron Blond

1.2 Explain why the numbers 0 and 1 have no prime factors.

To have prime factors, the number must be prime or composite.

  • 0 has an infinite number of factors, but cannot be written as a product of two non-zero numbers. Therefore 0 is neither prime or composite.
  • 1 is neither a prime nor a composite number - it has only one factor, 1.

Note: If the arrow feature is not working, select Linked Source - Ron Blond.

Linked Source - Ron Blond

1.3 Determine, using a variety of strategies, the greatest common factor or least common multiple of a set of whole numbers, and explain the process.

Greatest Common Factor (GCF)

Enter a number in each input box. Select [Return/Enter]. Check the output to see the GCF.

Check [LISTS], [FRACTION STRIPS], [REPEATED DIVISION], [PRIME FACTORIZATION]

Linked Source - Ron Blond

 

Least Common Multiple (LCM)

Enter a number in each input box. Select [Return/Enter]. Check the output to see the LCM.

Check [LISTS], [FRACTION STRIPS], [REPEATED DIVISION], [PRIME FACTORIZATION]

Linked Source - Ron Blond

1.4 Determine, concretely, whether a given whole number is a perfect square, a perfect cube or neither.

25 perfect squares: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, 169, 196, 225, 256, 289, 324, 361, 400, 441, 484, 529, 576, 625, ....

25 perfect cubes: 1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512, 729, 1000, 1331, 1728, 2197, 2744, 3375, 5832, 6859, 8000, 9261, 10648, 12167, 13824, 15625, ....

1.5 Determine, using a variety of strategies, the square root of a perfect square, and explain the process.

Visualize a square. Increase the square side lengths until the volume of the cube matches the perfect cube.

Linked Source - Ron Blond

1.6 Determine, using a variety of strategies, the cube root of a perfect cube, and explain the process.

Visualize a cube. Increase the cube side lengths until the volume of the square matches the perfect square.

1.7 Solve problems that involve prime factors, greatest common factors, least common multiples, square roots or cube roots.

  1. Demonstrate an understanding of irrational numbers by:

2.1 Sort a set of numbers into rational and irrational numbers.

You will have to complete the whole number, natural number and integer levels to get to the rational and irrational number levels.

Number system review:

2.2 Determine an approximate value of a given irrational number.
2.3 Approximate the locations of irrational numbers on a number line, using a variety of strategies, and explain the reasoning.
2.4 Order a set of irrational numbers on a number line.
2.5 Express a radical as a mixed radical in simplest form (limited to numerical radicands).

mixed radical

2.6 Express a mixed radical as an entire radical (limited to numerical radicands).

mixed radical

2.7 Explain, using examples, the meaning of the index of a radical.

2.8 Represent, using a graphic organizer, the relationship among the subsets of the real numbers (natural, whole, integer, rational, irrational).

 

  1. Demonstrate an understanding of powers with integral and rational exponents.
    [C, CN, PS, R]

3.1 Explain, using patterns, why exponentNeg', a ≠ 0      [Negative Exponents]

Select: [ x-n ]

Link: LearnAlberta

3.2 Explain, using patterns, why exponentNeg', n > 0
3.3 Apply the exponent laws:

Select: [ xm × xn ], [ (xm)n ], [ (x × y)m ]

 

Link: LearnAlberta

Select: [ xm ÷ xn ], exponent law

Link: LearnAlberta

to expressions with rational and variable bases and integral and rational exponents, and explain the reasoning.

3.4 Express powers with rational exponents as radicals and vice versa.
3.5 Solve a problem that involves exponent laws or radicals.
3.6 Identify and correct errors in a simplification of an expression that involves powers.

  1. Demonstrate an understanding of the multiplication of polynomial expressions (limited to monomials, binomials and trinomials), concretely, pictorially and symbolically.
    [CN, R, V]

    (It is intended that the emphasis of this outcome be on binomial by binomial multiplication, with extension to polynomial by polynomial to establish a general pattern for multiplication.)

4.1 Model the multiplication of two given binomials, concretely or pictorially, and record the process symbolically.

Select:

  • [ Tiles - Binomials 1 ]
  • [ Tiles - Binomials 2 ]

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4.2 Relate the multiplication of two binomial expressions to an area model.

Select:

  • [ Tiles - Binomials 1 ]
  • [ Tiles - Binomials 2 ]

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4.3 Explain, using examples, the relationship between the multiplication of binomials and the multiplication of two-digit numbers.

Move the sliders to create the two-digit numbers. Observe the output.

Note error: The red dotted line (visible when at least one factor has two-digits) should be horizontal instead of vertical. The grey number on the left should be above the horizontal red dotted line. The grey number on the rigth should be below the horizontal red dotted line. With these changes the base-ten model on the left shows visually the algorithm provided on the right.

er Get Adobe Flash player

Select:

  • [ Tiles - Binomiials 1 ]
  • [ Tiles - Binomiials 2 ]

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4.4 Verify a polynomial product by substituting numbers for the variables.

Select:

  • [ Tiles - Monomial(s) ]
  • [ Tiles - Binomials 1 ]
  • [ Tiles - Binomials 2 ]

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4.5 Multiply two polynomials symbolically, and combine like terms in the product.

Select:

  • [ Tiles - Monomial(s) ]
  • [ Tiles - Binomials 1 ]
  • [ Tiles - Binomials 2 ]

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4.6 Generalize and explain a strategy for multiplication of polynomials.
4.7 Identify and explain errors in a solution for a polynomial multiplication.

  1. Demonstrate an understanding of common factors and trinomial factoring, concretely, pictorially and symbolically.
    [C, CN, R, V]

5.1 Determine the common factors in the terms of a polynomial, and express the polynomial in factored form.
5.2 Model the factoring of a trinomial, concretely or pictorially, and record the process symbolically.

5.3 Factor a polynomial that is a difference of squares, and explain why it is a special case of trinomial factoring where b = 0 .

Select:

  • [ Tiles (Natural #) ] → [ x2 - c2 ]
  • [ Tiles (Integers) ] → [ x2 - c2 ]

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5.4 Identify and explain errors in a polynomial factorization.
5.5 Factor a polynomial, and verify by multiplying the factors.

Multiplying polynomial factors

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5.6 Explain, using examples, the relationship between multiplication and factoring of polynomials.

Multiplying polynomials

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Factoring polynomials

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5.7 Generalize and explain strategies used to factor a trinomial.
5.8 Express a polynomial as a product of its factors.


 

March, 2008 http://www.education.alberta.ca/media/655889/math10to12.pdf

2008 Program of Studies with Achievement Indicators: http://education.alberta.ca/media/823110/math10to12_ind.pdf

Authorized Resources: http://www.education.alberta.ca/teachers/program/math/educator/resources.aspx