Duncan Crow
Wholistic Consultant
http://members.shaw.ca/SomaLife-gHP/HGH_deficiency_medline.html
HGH Deficiency and Obesity, Diabetes, Cholesterol
In each of
these cases you can go to the Medline site
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi
and enter
the PMID number to bring up the abstract.
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N Engl J Med 1990 Jul 5;323(1):1-6
PMID: 2355952 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Effects of human growth hormone in men over 60 years old.
Rudman D, Feller AG, Nagraj HS, Gergans GA, Lalitha PY, Goldberg AF, Schlenker RA, Cohn L, Rudman IW, Mattson DE.
Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
BACKGROUND. The declining activity of the growth hormone--insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) axis with advancing age may contribute to the decrease in lean body mass and the increase in mass of adipose tissue that occur with aging. METHODS. To test this hypothesis, we studied 21 healthy men from 61 to 81 years old who had plasma IGF-I concentrations of less than 350 U per liter during a six-month base-line period and a six-month treatment period that followed.
RESULTS. In group 1, the mean plasma IGF-I level rose into the youthful range of 500 to 1500 U per liter during treatment, whereas in group 2 it remained below 350 U per liter. The administration of human growth hormone for six months in group 1 was accompanied by an 8.8 percent increase in lean body mass, a 14.4 percent decrease in adipose-tissue mass, and a 1.6 percent increase in average lumbar vertebral bone density (P less than 0.05 in each instance). Skin thickness increased 7.1 percent (P = 0.07). There was no significant change in the bone density of the radius or proximal femur. In group 2 there was no significant change in lean body mass, the mass of adipose tissue, skin thickness, or bone density during treatment.
CONCLUSIONS. Diminished secretion of growth hormone is responsible in part for the decrease of lean body mass, the expansion of adipose-tissue mass, and the thinning of the skin that occur in old age.
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J Clin
Endocrinol Metab. 2002 May;87(5):2018-23.
PMID:
11994335 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Familial
isolated growth hormone deficiency is associated with increased systolic blood
pressure, central obesity, and dyslipidemia.
In
conclusion, this genetically homogeneous isolated GH deficient population
presents a syndrome characterized by central obesity, dyslipidemia, and
elevated systolic blood pressure but reduced cardiac dimensions compared with
controls.
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J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2002 Jun;87(6):2725-33
PMID: 12050241 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Gender-specific responses of lean body composition and non-gender-specific cardiac function improvement after GH replacement in GH-deficient adults.
Ezzat S, Fear S, Gaillard RC, Gayle C, Landy H, Marcovitz S, Mattioni T, Nussey S, Rees A, Svanberg E.
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C4.
BACKGROUND: GH deficiency (GHD) in adulthood is accompanied by physical and psychological impairments.
CONCLUSION: GH replacement therapy in adults with GHD demonstrated beneficial effects on lean body mass composition that was more pronounced in males than females. In contrast, cardiac function improvement appears to benefit both genders equally.
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Clin
Endocrinol (Oxf). 2001 Jun;54(6):709-17.
PMID: 11422104
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Body
composition and quality of life in adults with growth hormone deficiency;
effects of low-dose growth hormone replacement.
CONCLUSIONS:
Low-dose GHR improves body composition and QoL as early as 1 month after
commencement and the beneficial effects continue at 3 months. Most importantly,
these changes occur in the absence of side-effects. We therefore suggest the
use of low-dose GH therapy, maintaining IGF-I between the median and upper end
of the age-related reference range, for the treatment of age related GH
deficiency.
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Am J Kidney
Dis. 2001 Jan;37(1 Suppl 2):S115-8.
PMID:
11158875 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Can we
increase protein synthesis by anabolic factors?
Chronically
uremic patients often exhibit a low protein turnover that may increase
progressively with the decline of renal function. Thus, anabolic agents can
normalize protein metabolism in stable patients without complications, but they
should be used carefully in advanced renal failure especially during
intercurrent infections.
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Growth Horm
IGF Res. 1998 Feb;8 Suppl A:21-3. Review.
PMID:
10993586 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Adult vs
childhood onset GHD: is there a real clinical difference?
Adults with
untreated CO-GHD have significantly lower values for body weight, body mass
index, lean body mass and height than those with AO-GHD, while patients with
AO-GHD show a more pronounced deviation from normal in psychosocial distress.
Following treatment with GH, 12.5 microg/kg/day s.c., patients with AO-GHD
showed a decrease in waist/hip ratio and low-density lipoprotein.
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Am J Physiol
Endocrinol Metab. 2002 May;282(5):E1154-62.
PMID:
11934682 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Effect of
IGF-I therapy on VLDL apolipoprotein B100 metabolism in type 1 diabetes
mellitus.
These
results indicate that low-dose IGF-I therapy restores the GH-IGF-I axis in type
1 diabetes. IGF-I therapy changes fasting triglyceride concentrations and VLDL composition
probably because of an increase in insulin sensitivity.
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J Endocrinol
Invest. 1999;22(5 Suppl):28-32.
PMID:
10442567 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Insulin
sensitivity in growth hormone (GH)-deficient adults and effect of GH
replacement therapy.
Growth
hormone (GH) deficiency in adults is characterized by central obesity,
dyslipidemia, coagulopathy and glucose intolerance, all features of the
"metabolic syndrome", explaining the increased cardiovascular
morbidity and mortality associated with GH deficiency in adults. Employing the
2-step euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, we have demonstrated severe insulin
resistance in GH-deficient adults, with a reduction in insulin-mediated glucose
utilization of -50%. ...In conclusion, long-term rhGH treatment in GH-deficient
adults results in persistent insulin resistance and abnormalities in the GF and
GS pathways due to reduced glycogen synthase and hexokinase activities, in the
presence of an ongoing reduction of central obesity. We postulate that the
insulin resistance is due to chronic rhGH-induced alterations in FFA
metabolism, non-physiological levels of IGF-I and chronic basal
hyperinsulinemia.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12610012&dopt=Abstract
Diabetes Care. 2003 Mar;26(3):625-30.
PMID: 12610012 [PubMed - in process]
Amino Acid ingestion strongly enhances insulin secretion in patients with long-term type 2 diabetes.
Van Loon LJ, Kruijshoop M, Menheere PP, Wagenmakers AJ, Saris WH, Keizer HA.
Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands. Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
CONCLUSIONS-The insulin secretory capacity in long-term type 2 diabetic patients is substantially underestimated, as the insulin response following carbohydrate intake can be nearly tripled by coingestion of a free amino acid/protein mixture. Future research should be performed to investigate whether such nutritional interventions can improve postprandial glucose disposal.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2118125&dopt=Abstract
Int J Immunopharmacol 1990;12(4):365-71
PMID: 2118125 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Recovery of low thymic hormone levels in cancer patients by lysine-arginine combination.
Mocchegiani E, Cacciatore L, Talarico M, Lingetti M, Fabris N.
Immunology Centre, Gerontology Research Department, Italian National Research Centres on Ageing (INRCA), Ancona, Italy.
Thymic hormones are required for maturation and maintenance of the immune efficiency. It has been previously demonstrated that with advancing age there occurs a progressive reduction of the plasma level of one of the best known thymic peptides, i.e. thymulin, and that the administration of an amino acid combination (lysine-arginine, as present in the commercial preparation Lysargin, Baldacci, Italy) to elderly individuals is able to increase the synthesis and/or release of thymulin to values comparable to those recorded in young subjects. In the present paper we report evidence that cancer patients show much lower thymulin values than those recorded in healthy age-matched individuals and that the oral administration of the amino acid preparation is able to significantly increase thymulin levels even over the values of age-matched controls and to increase the number of peripheral T-cell subsets. It is suggested that such an effect is mediated through the known secretagogue activity of the amino acids on the pituitary release of growth hormone, which has a modulating effect on the thymic endocrine activity.
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